By Hans Reichelt
Excerpt from Awestisches Elementarbuch
Mein awestisches elementarbuch hat den Zweck, jedem, der für die Sprache und die Literatur des Awesta Interesse hat, die Möglichkeit zu bieten, sich damit wissenschaftlich oder praktisch bekannt zu machen. Es setzt allerdings eine gewisse Kenntnis des Altindischen voraus, ohne die das Awestische wegen des geringen Umfangs und der mangelhaften Überlieferung nur schwer verständlich wird, und geht darum quick durch wegs vom Arischen als der Grundlage beider Sprachen aus; gleichwohl will es auch dem, der das Altindische nicht genauer kennt, ein ausreichendes Hilfsmittel sein, indem es durch die Anlage der Formenlehre und Syntax, sowie durch die Einrichtung des Glossars seinen Be dürfnissen gerecht zu werden sucht.
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Additional info for Awestisches Elementarbuch
Example text
2. 1 Phoneme inventory Consonantal phonemes: Place: Manner: Plosive, voiceless Plosive, voiced Implosive Fricative Nasal Prenasalised, voiceless Prenasalised, voiced Sonorant BILABIAL P ALVEODENTAL t (b) (d) 6 tf β PALATAL VELAR GLOTTAL (tj) k (d3) 9 h s Q η ί ns m mp 0 ok "d mb r ? N3) 09 1 Note: forms () in brackets are loan phonemes (mainly from Indonesian/Trade Malay), with [if] alternating with [s], and [d] with [ds] (and sometimes [z] as well). 2 Description of the phonemes Here I list the phonemes and their major allophonic variants, with examples of the phonemes in words.
4 Dialects There are many dialect differences in the Tukang Besi language, probably enough to warrant separating the speech of Wanci and Kaledupa from that of Tomea and Binongko, and establishing a northern Tukang Besi and southern Tukang Besi as separate, though very closely related languages (a conclusion also reached by E. J. van den Berg - see Cense 1954). The differences appear to be mainly in the area of the lexicon and allophonic variation (see Donohue forthcoming a); grammatical differences are minimal.
The closest the Tukang Besi come to an endonym is to change the pronunciation to fit their phonological system, making it [tukambesi]. Note that this is distinct from the loan form of the word 'tukang besi', meaning blacksmith, which has been borrowed into the language (alongside Pande tutu and Tuka kabali) as [tukambasi]. Other names used by the people to refer to themselves and their language varieties include: Wakatobi Bahasa Pulo Pogau Ka'umbeda Pogau Wanse Pogau Kahedupa Pogau Tomia Pogau Binongko Pogau Daoa (WAnci, KAledupa, TOmea, Binongko) (island language) (from the folk etymology of the proto-word for 'fact') (for Wanci) (for Kaledupa) (for Tomea) (for Binongko) (trade language used in the market between people from different dialect groups) The word for 'speech, language', pogau, has the additional connotation that is not official, proper, or refined (halus in Malay), while the loanword bahasa has no such connotations.
Awestisches Elementarbuch by Hans Reichelt
by Ronald
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