Causal inference and scientific paradigms in epidemiology by Steven Coughlin PDF

By Steven Coughlin

ISBN-10: 160805330X

ISBN-13: 9781608053308

This anthology of articles on causal inference and medical paradigms in epidemiology covers a number of vital issues together with the hunt for causal motives, the strengths and boundaries of causal standards, quantitative techniques for assessing causal relationships which are correct to epidemiology and rising paradigms in epidemiologic learn. with the intention to supply old context, an summary of philosophical and ancient advancements correct to causal inference in epidemiology and public healthiness is usually supplied. numerous theoretical and utilized points of causal inference are handled. the purpose of this booklet is not just to summarize vital advancements in causal inference in epidemiology but additionally to spot attainable how you can increase the hunt for causal reasons for ailments and accidents. Examples are supplied from such fields as persistent illness epidemiology, Veterans well-being, and environmental epidemiology. a specific objective of the booklet is to supply principles for strengthening causal inference in epidemiology within the context of subtle examine paradigms. those issues are vital as the result of epidemiologic reports give a contribution to generalizable wisdom by means of clarifying the factors of ailments, via combining epidemiologic information with details from different disciplines (for instance, psychology and commercial hygiene), by way of comparing the consistency of epidemiologic info with etiological hypotheses approximately causation, and via supplying the foundation for comparing methods for healthiness advertising and prevention and public healthiness practices  Read more...

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1. Foundations --
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2. informal inference in epidemiologic examine --
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3. towards a brand new examine paradigm in epidemiology --
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4. study paradigms in epidemiology and causal inference.

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Ethics and Epidemiology: New York: Oxford University Press, 1996; pp. 128-41. Gostin LO, Lazzarini Z, Neslund VS, Osterholm MT. The public health information infrastructure: a national review of the law on health information privacy. JAMA 1996;275:1921-7. Noble EP. The DRD2 gene, smoking, and lung cancer (editorial). J Natl Cancer Inst 1998;90:343-5. Keet IP, Klein MR, Just JJ, et al. The role of host genetics in the natural history of HIV-1infection: the needle in the haystack. AIDS 1996;10(Suppl A):559-67.

Kaufman JS, Cooper RS. Seeking causal explanations in social epidemiology. Am J Epidemiol 1999;150:113-20. Oakes JM. The (mis)estimation of neighborhood effects: causal inference for a practicable social epidemiology. Social Sci Med 2004;58:1929-52. Muntaner C. Social mechanisms, race, and social epidemiology. Am J Epidemiol 1999;150:121-8. Hafeman DM, Schwartz S. Opening the black box: a motivation for the assessment of mediation. Int J Epidemiol 2009:38:838-45. Kaufman JS, Poole C. Looking back on “Causal Thinking in the Health 32 Causal Inference & Scientific Paradigms In Epidemiology [24] [25] [26] [27] [28] [29] [30] [31] [32] [33] [34] [35] [36] [37] [38] [39] Steven S.

System dynamics modeling entails the development of causal diagrams and computer simulation models that allow for alternative policies and scenarios to be tested in a systematic way [20]. To cite one example, there has been extensive discussion and debate over how best to identify and treat mild traumatic brain injury among returning combat veterans and other populations, especially in situations where brain injury may overlap with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) [21-24]. A systems perspective supports the view that there are likely many opportunities to intervene to assist persons with traumatic brain injury (for example, through the development of improved screening and diagnostic tools, multidisciplinary health care teams and integrated systems of care, amelioration of current or persisting symptoms and co-morbid conditions, family support, public and Emerging Paradigms in Epidemiology Causal Inference & Scientific Paradigms In Epidemiology 47 professional education, and provision of job training, educational, and rehabilitative services).

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