By Donald T.J. Hurle
ISBN-10: 3642782086
ISBN-13: 9783642782084
ISBN-10: 3642782108
ISBN-13: 9783642782107
Crystal pulling is an business technique and gives the majority of semiconductor crystals for the semiconductor undefined. before everything a simply empirical strategy, the rise in significance and measurement of the has resulted in uncomplicated examine into the basics of the method - fairly the modelling of warmth and mass move. The publication has been written through the well-known authority on Czochralski crystal-growth recommendations. it's an try and improve the interface among the sensible crystal grower and the utilized mathematician serious about analytical and computing device modelling. Its concentration is at the physics, chemistry and metallurgy of the method. From reviews: "... there's a desire for a contemporary, non-trivial textual content on Czochralski development ... and Dr. Hurle is eminently fitted to write any such text."; "Dr. Hurle is maybe uniquely certified to put in writing a publication on ... (the Czochralski) development strategy. ... He has released loads of very giant in addition to cutting edge paintings during this area."
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Extra info for Crystal Pulling from the Melt
Sample text
If the crystal is intrinsic) then there will exist some transition temperature below which the crystal becomes semi-transparent to its own internally generated thermal radiation. This manifests itself as an enhancement in the radial temperature gradient near the periphery of the crystal. These materials generally have a high refractive index and therefore a large Brewster angle so that almost all of the self-radiation incident on the crystal surface from within is reflected back into the crystal.
The nature of this melt instability is not fully understood. It occurs when the effect of the "rotating disc" flow due to the crystal exceeds some critical value in relation to buoyancy-driven flow generated by the hot crucible walls. These two components of flow will be respectively proportional to the square of the Reynolds number and to the Grashof number. Carruthers [65] used this simple semi-quantitive argument to predict that the critical crystal diameter at which the transition would occur would vary as the inverse square root of the rotation rate.
It is a measure of the ratio of viscous to Coriolis forces. 1 Melt Convection 27 For the Coriolis force to dominate over the inertial force. 14 or Ro = U /QL ~ 1 where Ro is called the Rossby number. It is a measure of the ratio of inertial to Coriolis force. 15 Such motion - where there is a balance between pressure gradient and Coriolis force - is called, in the geophysical field, a geostrophic motion [42]. It has the property that both the Coriolis force and the pressure gradient are perpendicular to the flow direction.
Crystal Pulling from the Melt by Donald T.J. Hurle
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