By A M Prokhorov
ISBN-10: 0585119228
ISBN-13: 9780585119229
ISBN-10: 189832610X
ISBN-13: 9781898326106
Tools of manufacturing thin-film buildings are mentioned. particular recognition is given to liquid-phase epitaxy from a constrained soften bulk with and with out program of an electrical box. a mode is defined which mixes liquid-phase and diffusion thoughts for acquiring buildings with a particular configuration of waveguide channels. The physico-chemical houses of skinny ferroelectric layers, corresponding to morphology, the area constitution of the transition layer and ferroelectric houses are tested. very important function in utilizing electro-optic modulators, deflectors and transducers is performed by way of optical homes, mode composition of propagating radiation, moment harmonic iteration, electro-optic homes, photorefraction, destruction threshold and light-weight loss.
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Additional resources for Ferroelectric Thin-Film Waveguides in Integrated Optics and Optoelectronics
Example text
The use of epitaxial films of oxide ferroelectrics on the basis of niobates of alkaline metals in the elemental basis of optoelectronics shows their noticeable advantages over bulk analogues, first of all from the viewpoint of miniaturization, lowering of consumed energy and intensity of control fields. Lithium niobate and tantalate are widely used in integral electro-optic elements and in communication systems. ) have found their application in communication systems. The above-mentioned ferroelectrics posses high electro-optic coefficients as compared with semiconducting compounds of the A3B5 group widely used for creating radiation sources and detectors as well as various electronic devices.
Chemical reaction resulting in the formation of molecules of the growing crystal; 3. migration of molecules about the substrate surface due to reaction heat release, as well as spontaneous migration; 4. desorption of unreacted molecules; 5. building-in of migrating atoms into active growth centres, formation of stable nuclei; 6. coalescence of nuclei. One of the modifications of the processes described above is the gas-transport reaction. Its main difference from the chemical reaction is that a chemical compound containing a crystallizing substance is formed straight in the reactor and then transported in a certain way onto a heated substrate where it is decomposed and crystallized.
S- heat conductivities of source and liquidl- specific heat of crystallisationL- grating periodicitym- mobilityn- mole fractionP- Peltier coefficientr- liquid-phase resistivity Page xii r - densitys- surface tensions- supersaturations- stresst- diffusion timetp- precipitation timet- switching timetT- Thomson coefficientt- thicknessj- phase shiftj- overall phase factork- coupling constantw- mode field width Page xiii Introduction An increased number of complicated electron and optical systems stimulates the development of optoelectronics.
Ferroelectric Thin-Film Waveguides in Integrated Optics and Optoelectronics by A M Prokhorov
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