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From this sidelobe peak heights can be calculated, and subtracted from the respective desired sidelobe heights. The resulting set of equations is nonlinear and can be solved by Newton-Raphson 46 Linear arrays — Fd(u) — Fd(u) (b) — Fd(u) (c) Fig. 31 Iterative sampling synthesis [courtesy Stutzman) a Woodward— Lawson b First iteration c Second iteration Linear arrays 47 iteration. This method is effective because moving nulls apart raises the sidelobes. Fig. 32a shows a space factor designed for three ~40dB sidelobes adjacent to the main beam, then four sidelobes at — 20 dB, followed by the normal 1/w taper.

Low-sidelobe designs: In the last decade low sidelobes (roughly —30 to — 60 dB) have become of interest for several reasons: increasing spectrum congestion in broadcast and in satellite transmissions, desirability of reducing radar intercept probabilities, and reduction of radar clutter/jammer vulnerability. From the previous Sections one may infer that a good low sidelobe distribution should be heavily tapered in amplitude. Examination of the one-parameter space factor shows very low pedestals for 40-60 dB SLR; from Taylor's observation that distributions with pedestals are more efficient, the n space factor might appear more attractive.

57) n-l where the F(n9A9ri) coefficients are given by eqn. 55. Even large values of n allow easy calculation of r\. There is, for eachSLR, a value of n that gives maximum 17. This is because, as it increases from a small value, the main beam energy decreases 30 Linear arrays faster than the sidelobe energy increases. For larger n, however, the main beam changes more slowly. 3 gives these peak efficiency values of n. These distributions are not monotonic, and have significant edge excitation. Also shown in the Table are the largest values of n that give monotonic distributions and the corresponding efficiencies.

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