By Zygmunt Frajzyngier, Erin Shay
Afroasiatic languages are spoken by means of a few three hundred million humans in Northern, imperative and jap Africa and the center East. This booklet is the 1st typological learn of those languages, that are produced from round 375 dwelling and extinct types. they're a tremendous item of analysis as a result of their typological variety within the components of phonology (some have tone; others do not), morphology (some have wide inflectional platforms; others do not), place of the verb within the clause (some are verb-initial, a few are verb-medial, and a few are verb-final) and within the semantic capabilities they encode. This publication files this typological range and the typological similarities around the languages and comprises details on endangered and little-known languages. Requiring no earlier wisdom of the explicit language households, it will likely be welcomed via linguists drawn to linguistic conception, typology, ancient linguistics and endangered languages, in addition to students of Africa and the center East.
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Extra info for The Afroasiatic Languages
Sample text
Following Dell and Elmedlaoui (1985), I will refer to this process as ‘syllabification’. In Northern Berber two types of syllabification are found. In the first type the place of schwa-insertion (or, to put it differently, the choice of the syllabified consonant) is governed by the inherent sonority of the segments in a string. In the second type of syllable building, schwa is inserted from right to left between two consonants. Because in this type only the formal structure of the string plays a role and the nature of the consonant is of no importance, it will be called structure-based insertion or syllabification.
The most obvious reason for doing so is the fact that pharyngealization occurs only in words that include specific consonants. Thus, a word with only the consonants n and g cannot have pharyngealization, although these consonants may (phonetically) be pharyngealized under the influence of another consonant. In words of Berber origin, only two pharyngealized phonemes are found, d. t) and z. ). They can constitute the sole consonant of a word. Through borrowing from Arabic and through secondary developments, other pharyngealized consonants have become part of the Berber phoneme inventory.
Diakonoff (1988) rightly points out that these means code a variety of functions, including intensive, iterative, causative, and, in his view, habitual aspect. ) As shown in chapter 8 of the present volume, gemination and reduplication have an even wider range of functions. Although both of these processes are widespread in Afroasiatic, we are reluctant to claim that they are defining characteristics of the Afroasiatic phylum, since both gemination and reduplication also occur in other language families of Africa, where these means often carry the same functions as they do in Afroasiatic.
The Afroasiatic Languages by Zygmunt Frajzyngier, Erin Shay
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