By Shaul Katzir
ISBN-10: 1402046693
ISBN-13: 9781402046698
ISBN-10: 1402046707
ISBN-13: 9781402046704
Related to electrical energy, elasticity, thermodynamics and crystallography, a number of medical traditions and ways and top physicists, the historical past of piezoelectricity presents an beneficial standpoint on overdue 19th century physics and its improvement. The beginnings of piezoelectricity, the 1st background of the topic, exhaustively examines how those different affects ended in the invention of the phenomenon in 1880, and the way they formed its next learn until eventually the consolidation of an empirical and theoretical wisdom of the sector circa 1895. It reviews a selected subdiscipline consultant of many related 'mundane' branches of physics that didn't undergo progressive effects past their box. even supposing such a lot learn is of this sort, such branches have hardly ever been studied by way of historians of technology. Shaul Katzir's old account indicates that this mundane technology was once an fascinating highbrow and functional company, which concerned, between different issues, originality, surprises and controversies. Thereby, it screens the fruitfulness of learning this type of field.Employing quite wealthy fabric Katzir earnings attention-grabbing insights into the character of clinical improvement from this heritage. one of the topics raised listed here are: the assets of a discovery, the interaction among molecular-atomistic and phenomenological methods and among clinical perform and protagonists' philosophy of technological know-how, the position of thermodynamic formula, the interplay of alternative degrees of theories with test, the use and layout of qualitative as opposed to targeted quantitative experiments, the employment of symmetry in physics and the function of nationwide and localexperimental and theoretical traditions. Observations relating to those and different concerns during this booklet painting an unforeseen photograph of flip of the century physics.
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Extra info for The beginnings of piezoelectricity: a study in mundane physics
Sample text
Yet, he noticed that the process of heating and its uniformity is important, since in cases of uneven heating the poles were reciprocal to that of their “natural” state caused by uniform heating. That the effect is due to a temperature change rather than heat was first realized by John Canton three years later. , pp. 103. W. Home, “Aepinus, the Tourmaline Crystal, and the Theory of Electricity and Magnetism,” Isis, 67 (1976): 21–30. , Electricity and Experimental Physics in 18th Century Europe, Variorum, 1992), especially pp.
Langevin’s view was not expressed before 1883. 32 THE DISCOVERY OF THE PIEZOELECTRIC EFFECT resolved by reference to the community’s ignorance of the hypothesis, it had been well known even before Thomson republished it in the Philosophical Magazine (1878). 50 Clearly, the implication that a change of pressure should also polarize crystals was not obvious. Indeed, it becomes a consequence of Thomson’s hypothesis only if one assumes that the polarization of a crystal depends on the distances between inner electric poles.
47 This constant relation is probably not accidental, and [they concluded] admitting the analogies between the molecular form and the hemihedral crystal form, one is led to remark that the acute end of a molecule always plays in relation to the opposite base of the successive molecule. ” (p. 21). Thus, molecules for Jacques and Pierre Curie here were the crystallographer’s molecules rather than that of a chemist or a physicist . . ” Like crystallographers and other physicists and chemists, they identified neither these molecules nor their parts with the atoms and molecules of physics and chemistry, although they shared 46 47 tension should appear on heating, but, the Curies remarked, pressure should not yield an electric effect in this model.
The beginnings of piezoelectricity: a study in mundane physics by Shaul Katzir
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