New PDF release: The Role of the Gastrointestinal Tract in Nutrient Delivery

By Morris Green

ISBN-10: 012299020X

ISBN-13: 9780122990205

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Neuropeptides are found in distinct populations of fibers in each of these major classes of neuron (Furness and Costa, 1982). They are also found in all regions and in all layers of the gut. By combining the use of radiommunoassay of tissue extracts and immunohistochemistry, it is possible to calculate that VIPand substance P-containing neurons of the mouse ileum and colon each contain about one femtomole of peptide (Dockray et al, 1984). The capacity for protein synthesis in neurons is limited to the cell body; therefore, the peptides must be transported from cell body to nerve endings, where release takes place.

They are also found in all regions and in all layers of the gut. By combining the use of radiommunoassay of tissue extracts and immunohistochemistry, it is possible to calculate that VIPand substance P-containing neurons of the mouse ileum and colon each contain about one femtomole of peptide (Dockray et al, 1984). The capacity for protein synthesis in neurons is limited to the cell body; therefore, the peptides must be transported from cell body to nerve endings, where release takes place. Direct experimental evidence for this has been produced in the case of the vagus nerve (see Dockray et al, 1981) and in numerous reports that the peptide content of neuronal cell bodies increases after treatment with colchicine, which blocks axonal transport (Schultzberg et al, 1980).

In antral mucosa, about 95% of G34 is cleaved, but in human duodenum only about 50% of G34 is cleaved to G17 (Calam et al, 1980). After the contents of the secretory granule are released from the G cell, there may be further processing steps. In the dog, we have found that in the antral venous outflow, the main forms of gastrin correspond to G17 cleaved by removal of the N-terminal residues, probably giving C-terminal fragments of 14 and 16 residues (G14 and G16). , 1982). In the dog at least, postsecretory processing is likely to be an important step in determining the nature of the material delivered to receptors on the parietal cells.

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The Role of the Gastrointestinal Tract in Nutrient Delivery by Morris Green


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