New PDF release: Ergonomics in computerized offices

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Extra info for Ergonomics in computerized offices

Sample text

In general, eye movements are very precise and fast. An eye movement of 10° may be accomplished in about 40 milliseconds. Vergence movements For good vision the so-called vergence movements or convergence are of special importance. Binocular vision requires the optical axes of the two eyes to meet at the object being looked at, so that the image falls onto the corresponding part of the retina in each eye. When viewing an object relatively near, the visual axes are turned slightly inwards in order to intersect at the distance of the object being viewed.

The most important visual capacities are: Visual acuity Contrast sensitivity Speed of perception Visual acuity Visual acuity is the ability to perceive two lines or points with minimal intervals as distinct, or to determine the form and shape of signs and discern the finest details of an object. By and large, visual acuity is the resolving capacity of the eye. The ability to resolve a one minute of arc wide separation between two signs is often considered as ‘normal’ acuity. In this case the minimum distance between two points in the image on the retina is 5×10-6m.

A main reason for low reflectances is the risk of reflections from bright ceilings, walls and windows. The following reflectances can be proposed: Ceilings Windows, blinds or curtains Walls behind the screen Walls opposite the screen Flooring Imagination of designers 70% 50% 40–50% 30–40% 20–40% Some designers try very hard to come up with imaginative ideas in an attempt to design attractive furniture for offices. They visualize pitch-black office machines on a bright table or dark furniture neighbouring bright walls.

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