Hazards of Trapped Pressure and Vacuum - download pdf or read online

By BP Process Safety Series

ISBN-10: 0511667647

ISBN-13: 9780511667640

ISBN-10: 0521326931

ISBN-13: 9780521326933

ISBN-10: 0852955413

ISBN-13: 9780852955413

This e-book raises the attention of operators in the chemical and technique industries, to the risks of trapped strain and vacuum. It starts off by way of describing trapped strain and vacuum and their makes use of in the approach industries, prior to stating the aptitude dangers. utilizing case reports of tangible injuries to focus on the aptitude threats and clarify the potential motives, it increases the information and understanding of operators to the risks of trapped strain and vacuum, permitting them to identify and rectify risks ahead of injuries take place. The e-book concludes with a self-test part permitting readers to check their figuring out of the knowledge provided. This serves as a very good creation to the subject for college kids.
Content:
entrance topic
• desk of Contents
1. creation
2. dangers of Trapped strain
three. dangers of Vacuum
• four. issues to recollect
• brief Bibliography for laws and Norms
• try out your self!
• Acronyms and Abbreviations

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Additional info for Hazards of Trapped Pressure and Vacuum

Example text

An explosion and fire occurred in the pipe alley of a Vacuum Distillation Unit. The incident was caused by the freeze-up and subsequent failure of a 2 inch (50 mm) carbon steel pipe which released a high pressure spray of light hydrotreated naphtha towards the vacuum furnace and transfer line, where it ignited. 5 million in production losses, the remainder in maintenance and associated costs. The failed line had been taken out of service approximately 20 years before, but had never been fully isolated or decommissioned.

However, there is a disadvantage—if there is no vapour space to absorb pressure when compressed, a liquid quickly builds up a high pressure when it is fully confined and heated. Remember that a vessel full of: • water will see its pressure increase by 6 bar (87 psi) for each degree celsius rise in temperature; • LPG will see its pressure increase by 10 bar (145 psi) for each degree celsius rise in temperature. The resulted increase in pressure can lead to the rupture of pipes or vessels if there is no means of escape for the overpressure.

Left) Normal operation. (Right) Vessel filled beyond working capacity — particles entrained in vent polymer. 32 HAZARDS OF TRAPPED PRESSURE AND VACUUM ACCIDENT Runaway reaction in deadleg causes overpressure! A butadiene vapour cloud was released from a 1 m (39 inch) split rupture on the overhead pipe from the reboiler on the final purification tower. A large quantity of popcorn polymer was noticed in the area local to the leak substantiating the fact that the split was caused by the tremendous forces created during its formation.

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Hazards of Trapped Pressure and Vacuum by BP Process Safety Series


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