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Extra resources for Psychological concepts and biological psychiatry : a philosophical analysis

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Biomedical materialism is a collection of views in psychiatry tied together by a belief that the brain should be the primary target of psychiatric interventions. Biomedical materialists claim that psychiatric disorders are best conceptualized as brain diseases. Many of them think that psychological analyses are irrelevant for understanding the nature of psychiatric disorders. Thinking that psychiatry should approach its professional problems as scientifically as possible, they usually downplay the distinction between psychiatry and neurology.

Biomedical materialists believe that since all psychological experience is dependent on the brain, no matter what psychological state we consider, a significant proportion of its variance can be accounted for by studying the brain. Whatever “causes” we may hypothesize to be the determining factors of psychological states — including (a) genetics, (b) environmental influences such as the family, culture, and other interpersonal relationships, or (c) environmental influences such as nutritional deficiencies, blows to the head, and viruses — these causes all exert their influence by affecting the brain.

Less pejorative terms such as 14 PSYCHOLOGICAL CONCEPTS AND BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY “interpretation” or “construction” would be more descriptive. Richard Nisbett and Lee Ross’s (1980) observation that any causal process, be it physical or psychological, is necessarily a construction is friendlier to psychology than the more pejorative confabulation analysis. ” (p. 205). According to Nisbett and Ross, neither the child nor the physicist observes these causal processes; they both infer them based on some theory.

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