By Kristina Musholt
ISBN-10: 0262029200
ISBN-13: 9780262029209
In this e-book, Kristina Musholt bargains a singular idea of self-consciousness, understood because the skill to contemplate oneself. often, self-consciousness has been crucial to many philosophical theories. extra lately, it has develop into the focal point of empirical research in psychology and neuroscience. Musholt attracts either on philosophical concerns and on insights from the empirical sciences to supply a brand new account of self-consciousness -- the power to consider ourselves that's on the middle of what makes us human.
Examining theories of nonconceptual content material built in fresh paintings within the philosophy of cognition, Musholt proposes a version for the slow transition from self-related info implicit within the nonconceptual content material of notion and different kinds of expertise to the categorical illustration of the self in conceptual idea. an important a part of this version is an research of the connection among self-consciousness and intersubjectivity. Self-consciousness and expertise of others, Musholt argues, are aspects of an identical coin.
After surveying the philosophical challenge of self-consciousness, the suggestion of nonconceptual content material, and diverse proposals for the life of nonconceptual self-consciousness, Musholt argues for a non-self-representationalist conception, based on which the self isn't really a part of the representational content material of conception and physically understanding yet a part of the mode of presentation. She distinguishes among implicitly self-related info and particular self-representation, and describes the transitions from the previous to the latter as bobbing up from a fancy means of self--other differentiation. via this account, either self-consciousness and intersubjectivity enhance in parallel.
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Various different arguments in favor of the notion of nonconceptual content have been brought forward and discussed in the literature. 5 Against these arguments, it has been suggested that the richness and fineness of grain of these experiences can be represented conceptually, namely, by means of demonstrative concepts (McDowell, 1994). , by means of demonstrative concepts); rather, the claim is that the perceptual concepts we possess—including demonstrative concepts—are a function of the perceptual discriminations we are capable of making, and not the other way round (Bermúdez, 2007).
159), though she is wrong to think that this means that the first-person pronoun does not refer. 4 A Threat to the Immunity Principle? The Case of Schizophrenia As we have just seen, what makes certain first-person judgments immune to misidentification is the evidence on which they are based. Although it is Setting the Stage 17 a matter of controversy as to what exactly the right kind of evidence bases are, again, there ought to be at least some kinds of evidence that provide a basis for first-person judgments that are immune to error through misidentification, for otherwise we would end up with a regress.
Hurley, 2006, p. 157) Hurley suggests that this indicates that Sheba is able to apply instrumental reasoning, but her ability is bound to the symbolic context provided by the numerals. In this interpretation, Sheba is able to display intentional behavior in one context but is unable to generalize the underlying reasoning to a different—though relevantly similar—context. 9 Further examples come from social contexts. For instance, Tomasello (1999) argues that nonhuman primates have a special ability to understand the sometimes highly complex third-party social relations between conspecifics.
Thinking about Oneself: From Nonconceptual Content to the Concept of a Self by Kristina Musholt
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