The Citizen-Temple Community - download pdf or read online

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In the first region, we can add Gitaim, Zeboim and Neballat to the three cities mentioned before 458/457; in the second region we can add Mizpah, Hazor, Ananiah, Bet-Hakerem and Tekoa to the 15 cities before 458/457; and the third region encompassed a wide area in the second half of the fifth century— mentioned as hakkikkar in Neh. g. Gen. 12; 1. Stern, Land of Israel, pp. 114-23. 2. 17) and kikkar hayyarden (Gen. 46), thus permitting the conclusion that these toponyms indicate the area of the Jordan Valley from Sukkot to the Dead Sea and the Western bank of this sea.

25; Jer. 2 This caused decades of long struggle between the returnees and the Samarians, and between the returnees and those residents of Judah who were not deported. 2-4). 6 Therefore the dikrona only deals with financial questions—the order to build the temple at the cost of the state and to return the stolen temple wares. 1, as an introduction to the Hebrew variant, it is said that 'he [Cyrus] caused it to be proclaimed through the entire empire', which means that it was an oral proclamation addressed to the exiles.

Already these conclusions raise doubts about the equation of the citizen-temple community and Judah of the Achaemenid era. These doubts are strengthened by the following overview of the course of the community's settlement before and after 458/457. In Palestine, as generally in the Middle East, the city was not only 1. Galling, Studien, p. 100. 2. Y. Ben-Shem, 'Sociological Observations on the Return', PHLBH1 (1959), p. 211. 3. Stem, Land of Israel, pp. 114ff. 1 Around each city was its agricultural region, its sadot, migrdsim and haserim.

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